How to Store and Maintain Diesel Farm Equipment for a Trouble-Free Spring Start

Spring is the busiest time of year for farmers, and the last thing you need is diesel farm equipment that won’t start. Cold weather, improper storage, and neglect can leave tractors, combines, and other essential machinery unresponsive or needing costly repairs. However, you can avoid unexpected breakdowns and downtime with the proper winter storage procedures and spring maintenance.

In this guide, we’ll cover how to properly store diesel-powered farm machinery for the winter properly and the essential steps to take before firing them up in spring. Follow these tips, and your equipment will be in top shape for the planting season.

Winterizing Diesel Farm Equipment

Proper preparation of farm machinery before storage protects it from winter conditions and ensures a trouble-free start in the spring. Key steps include treating the fuel system, maintaining the battery, checking and topping up fluids, pest control, cleaning and lubrication, tire protection, and covering or sheltering the equipment. These steps save time and money by ensuring the equipment is ready to use in the spring.

1. Fuel System Maintenance

Diesel fuel can degrade over time, leading to gelling, microbial growth, and filter clogging. Left untreated, old fuel can prevent your engine from starting in the spring.

• Use winter-grade diesel: If you plan to use your equipment periodically in the cold months, switch to a winter blend diesel with anti-gel additives.
• Treat the fuel: If storing the equipment, fill the tank to prevent condensation and add a diesel stabilizer to maintain fuel quality.
• Drain water separators: Water contamination in diesel can promote microbial growth, which can clog filters and injectors. Regularly drain water from fuel separators before storage.
• Run the engine: After adding stabilizers, let the engine run for a few minutes to circulate treated fuel through the system.

2. Battery Care and Storage

Cold weather is notorious for draining battery life, leaving you with a dead battery when spring rolls around.

• Remove and store batteries indoors: Cold temperatures reduce battery efficiency. Keep them in a temperature-controlled area to extend their lifespan.
• Use a battery maintainer: A trickle charger or maintainer will keep your battery fully charged and prevent sulfation, which can shorten battery life.
• Clean terminals and apply grease: Corrosion on battery terminals can prevent proper electrical flow. Clean the terminals with a wire brush and coat them with dielectric grease for protection.

3. Change Oil and Check Fluids

Leaving old oil in the engine during winter storage can lead to sludge buildup and increased wear.

• Change the oil and filter: Dirty oil contains contaminants that can cause corrosion inside the engine. Always use the manufacturer-recommended oil for winter storage.
• Check and top off the coolant: Ensure the coolant-to-water ratio is correct to prevent freezing. Inspect the radiator and hoses for leaks.
• Inspect hydraulic fluid: Hydraulic systems are essential for the operation of farm equipment. Ensure the fluid levels are adequate, and check the hoses for signs of wear.

4. Grease and Lubricate Moving Parts

Metal components can rust when exposed to moisture and freezing temperatures. Proper lubrication prevents seizures and premature wear.

• Apply grease to fittings, joints, and pivot points.
• Lightly coat exposed metal with oil to prevent rust.
• Check driveline components, such as U-joints and bearings, and grease them accordingly.

5. Tire Protection and Storage

Tires are prone to flat spots and cracks when equipment sits idle for long periods.

• Inflate tires to the recommended pressure before storage.
• Store equipment on blocks to remove the tires' weight and prevent pressure-related damage if possible.
• Inspect tire sidewalls for cracks or signs of dry rot before using equipment in spring.

6. Rodent and Pest Prevention

Rodents love to nest inside warm engine compartments, air intakes, and cab interiors. They can chew through wiring, causing expensive electrical issues.

• Place mothballs, dryer sheets, or rodent repellent in and around the equipment.
• Cover exhaust pipes and air intakes to prevent animals from nesting inside.
• Regularly inspect engine compartments and wiring harnesses for signs of gnawing or droppings.

Spring Startup: Getting Your Diesel Equipment Ready

When getting diesel farm equipment ready for spring, a thorough inspection is crucial. Check all fluid levels, filters, battery, and tires. Inspect the engine for loose parts and leaks, and test the electrical systems. This preventative maintenance can save time and money in the long run.

1. Battery Reinstallation and Charging

• Charge batteries thoroughly before reinstalling them.
• Clean terminals to ensure a strong connection.
• Secure battery cables tightly and inspect them for cracks or fraying.

2. Fuel System Inspection

• Drain old diesel if the equipment was stored for over a few months.
• Replace fuel filters to remove any sediment or moisture buildup.
• Prime the fuel system and bleed air from fuel lines if necessary.

3. Check Oil and Other Fluids

• Verify that the engine oil is at the correct level and clean.
• Inspect coolant, transmission fluid, and hydraulic fluid for proper levels and signs of contamination.
• Look for any fluid leaks under the equipment.

4. Inspect Tires and Brakes

• Check tire pressure and adjust as needed.
• Inspect tires for signs of wear, cracking, or bulging.
• Test brake function before using equipment in the field.

5. Electrical System Check

• Test lights, gauges, and control systems for proper operation.
• Inspect wiring for signs of rodent damage.
• Ensure that alternators and starters are working correctly.

6. Warm Up the Engine and Test Components

• Start the engine and idle it for a few minutes to circulate fluids.
• Check for unusual noises, excessive smoke, or leaks.
• Gradually increase RPMs and test all hydraulic functions to ensure proper operation.

Year-Round Maintenance Tips

To ensure your diesel farm equipment operates smoothly and to avoid costly repairs, adhere to a proactive maintenance plan:

• Oil Changes: Change the oil and oil filter regularly in accordance with the manufacturer's guidelines. This helps remove contaminants and ensures proper engine lubrication.
• Air Filter Maintenance: Regularly inspect and replace the air filter to prevent dust and debris from entering the engine, which can reduce its efficiency and cause damage.
• Belt and Hose Inspection: Regularly check belts and hoses for wear, cracking, or signs of fraying. Replace them as needed to prevent unexpected failures.
• Lubrication: Grease all fittings and moving parts to reduce friction and wear and extend the lifespan of components.
• Winter Operation: If storing equipment for extended periods during winter, periodically run the engine to circulate fluids and maintain lubrication of internal components.
• Fuel System Maintenance: Drain water and sediment from fuel tanks and filters regularly to prevent fuel system problems. Consider using a fuel stabilizer during storage to prevent fuel degradation.
• Battery Care: Keep batteries clean and fully charged—disconnect batteries during long-term storage to prevent discharge.
• Tire Maintenance: Maintain proper tire pressure and inspect tires for signs of wear or damage.
• Coolant System Maintenance: Regularly check the coolant level and concentration, and flush and replace the coolant according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
• Electrical System Inspection: Regularly inspect electrical connections and wiring for signs of corrosion or damage.
• Hydraulic System Maintenance: Regularly check hydraulic fluid levels and condition and replace filters and fluids as needed.
• Brake System Inspection: Regularly inspect brakes for wear and adjust or replace components.
• Implement and Attachment Maintenance: Maintain and lubricate all implements and attachments according to their specific requirements.
• Storage: Store equipment in a clean, dry, and sheltered location to protect it from the elements.
• Record Keeping: Maintain a detailed record of all maintenance and repairs performed on each piece of equipment.

By diligently following a preventative maintenance program, you can maximize the lifespan and reliability of your diesel farm equipment, minimize downtime, and ensure it is always ready for use.

Conclusion

By winterizing your diesel farm equipment and conducting a thorough spring inspection, you'll avoid costly repairs and frustrating delays. A well-maintained tractor, combine, or harvester ensures a smooth start to the planting season and maximizes productivity.

If you need professional diesel repair and maintenance services in Tyler, TX, contact Hex 6 Diesel Services. Our experienced technicians will help keep your farm equipment in top shape so you can focus on the work that matters most.